A close exploration of such divine proportion and the related applications, offers opportunities to connect an understanding the conceptions of ratio and proportion to the geometry, proportions, and ratio related to the Vitruvian Man and its relation to Bauentwurfslehre by Ernst Neufert (1936). More notably, in today’s multimedia, Golden Ratio is used in many applications: plastic surgery simulation software, animation software, art, architecture, sculpture, anatomy. While the Golden Ration does not embody every structure or pattern in the universe, yet, historically, this ratio emerged in Great Pyramid of Giza/Khufu/Cheops (2560 BC), and in Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci and Neufert. Hence, this research will be a spring board for researchers, practitioners in human modeling in multimedia field.ĭubbed by the Greeks, “Golden Ratio” is a mathematical relation and proportion, where the length to width of a rectangle proportion is 1:1.61803398874989484820, such proportion is most suited for human eye and is used by architects, artists, sculptures in their work. As such, the research facilitates and explains for the human modeler the process of human modeling in multimedia arena. Thereby, presenting more than 35 proportions and measurements used to model human body model along with a simple algorithm that calculates exact measurements. Based on the findings of the previous sections, the seventh section suggests two algorithms to be used when building a human body model. In the sixth section, the face and hand proportions in relation to the golden proportion are further explained. In fifth section, BAUENTWURFSLEHRE by ERNST NEUFERT is further explained with circle geometry and 29 golden proportions are reflected in the work. Followed by a discussion of the geometry of Golden ratio and the essential proportions in Vitruvian Man, in the fourth section, where 15 essential proportions are explained based on the Vitruvian Man.
The third section of the research presents the work of FIBONACCI and his series in the golden proportion. Then, in the second section, the research explains the three dimensions of golden proportion: mathematically, geometrically, and arithmetically. First, the research gives an introduction about golden proportion known also as golden section. The 35 measurements rules are based on Vitruvian Man and Neufert descriptions of Bauentwurfslehreby Ernst Neufert and Leonardo da Vincicirca both based on the golden proportion notion. The research identifies more than 35 measurements and proportions to be used in modeling a human body on computers. This research is based on two published papers pertaining to same subject by the same author. This research is an expanded work based on two published conference papers listed in the references section.
Hence, the chapter facilitates and explains for the human modeler the process of human modeling from within an algorithm. Furthermore, building proportional models creates visual harmony in measurements and visual parity model. Furthermore, the research will suggest two algorithms to calculate the 67 measurements with precision assuming that the algorithms output will be used as guideline to human body modelers in simulation, gaming, plastic surgery, as well as the world of biometrics or wherever human body measurements and calculations is needed like prosthetic limbs, spatial design, and machine learning of human biometrics. The measurements are based on 25 proportional rules derived from 15 proportions given by Vitruvian Man and 29 golden proportions in Bauentwurfslehre by Ernst Neufert. This research provides more than 35 measurements rules derived from the perspectives of Vitruvian Man and Neufert and their basis of the golden proportion, to build a human body model on computers for the use of multimedia.